Traditional doctrines of sin and salvation center primarily on the moral agency of the sinner While this focus adequately describes the responsibility of individuals for their sinful attitudes and actions, it fails to deal adequately with the pervasive reality of the suffering of the victims of sin

Andrew Sung Park addresses this long-standing imbalance by drawing on the Korean concept of han. Han is the relational consequences of sin, it is the scar which results in victims from the sin of those who have wronged them

The author asserts that one cannot grasp the full meaning of the sin and guilt of sinners until one has looked at the han and shame of their victims. If reconciliation with God and with other humans is to take place, not only must one's sin be repented and one's guilt forgiven, but the han of those who have been wronged must be healed, and the shame which results from that wrong be erased.